Thymosin Alpha-1 studies
836 journal papers mention Thymosin Alpha-1 in the title or abstract. Here are the most cited, the latest, and a few facts about the literature.
Studies range from laboratory work to clinical trials. A paper listed here is not an endorsement and says nothing about whether Thymosin Alpha-1 is safe, effective or approved for any use.
- Papers
- 836
- 779 articles, 57 reviews
- Earliest paper
- 1979
- Most papers in 2026 (37)
- Open access
- 37%
- free to read somewhere
- Reviews
- 7%
- of all papers listed
What kind of studies
Of 888 papers in PubMed that mention Thymosin Alpha-1 in the title or abstract, by the study type PubMed records. Categories overlap, so they do not add up to the total.
- Randomized controlled trials64
- Other clinical trials27
- Meta-analyses and systematic reviews25
- Other reviews138
- Case reports22
- Animal studies only237
- Studies in humans544
Study types are tags assigned by publishers and PubMed indexers; very new papers are often not tagged yet, and a tag is not a quality rating. Retracted papers are excluded. Source: PubMed (NCBI).
Registered clinical studies
Studies on ClinicalTrials.gov that mention Thymosin Alpha-1 in their intervention details. A registration says a study is planned or running, not what it found.
- Registered
- 69
- Completed
- 25
- Ongoing or planned
- 20
- Phase 1
- 7
- Phase 2
- 34
- Phase 3
- 9
- Thymalfasin Combined With Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in TNBC Neoadjuvant Treatment
NCT07884201Not yet recruitingPhase 2started 2026-11-08
- Thymosin-α1 for Recurrent Implantation Failure
NCT07675980RecruitingPhase 2 / Phase 3started 2026-02-11
- Thymalfasin for Immune Recovery in Adults With Sepsis
NCT07866118Recruitingstarted 2026-10-06
- Protective Effect of Thymosin α1 Against Negative Immune Dysregulation and Organ Dysfunction After Acute Aortic Dissection Surgery (PANDA II)
NCT05339529Completedstarted 2022-07-01
- Study of Adebrelimab Combined With Thymalfasin and Chemotherapy for Neoadjuvant Treatment of Esophageal Cancer
NCT07780721Not yet recruitingPhase 2started 2026-08-30
The five most recently updated studies. See all 69 on ClinicalTrials.gov. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov (U.S. National Library of Medicine). Studies are found by the compound's name, so a few may be about something else.
Papers per year
1997 to 2026, peak 37 papers in a year. The latest year may still be incomplete.
Where it is published
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences32 papers
- International Journal of Immunopharmacology27 papers
- International Immunopharmacology26 papers
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology14 papers
- Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy14 papers
The papers
Most citedName in the title
- Thymosin α1 and cancer: action on immune effector and tumor target cells
Enrico Garaci, Francesca Pica, Annalucia Serafino et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2012
Review70 citations
- Thymosin alpha 1: A comprehensive review of the literature
Asimina Dominari, Donald Hathaway, Krunal Balvantbhai Pandav et al. · World Journal of Virology · 2020
ReviewOpen access · CC BY-NC65 citationsRead the open copy →
- The efficacy of thymosin α1 as immunomodulatory treatment for sepsis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Fang Liu, Hongmei Wang, Tiansheng Wang et al. · BMC Infectious Diseases · 2016
Meta-analysisOpen access · CC BY52 citationsRead the open copy →
- Thymosin Alpha 1 and HIV-1: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Claudia Matteucci, Sandro Grelli, Emanuela Balestrieri et al. · Future Microbiology · 2017
Review51 citations
LatestName in title or abstract
- Clinical Applications and Evidence Landscape of Thymosin Alpha 1 as an Immunomodulatory Adjunct in Cancer Care: A Scoping Review
Soo-Dam Kim, Kyu Ri Kim, Dong-Hyeon Kim et al. · Pharmaceuticals · 2026
ReviewOpen access · CC BYRead the open copy →
- Efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Zekun Wang, Tao Sun, Haoran Qu et al. · Frontiers in Immunology · 2026
Meta-analysisOpen access · CC BYRead the open copy →
- Thymosin-ɑ1 for people with chronic hepatitis B
Cho Min Naing, Han Ni, Htar Htar Aung et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2026
Meta-analysisOpen accessRead the open copy →
- Thymosin α1 combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors: synergistic remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance clinical efficacy and safety
Haiyv Guo, Ruichao Li · Frontiers in Immunology · 2026
ReviewOpen access · CC BYRead the open copy →
- Comparative efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory therapies for sepsis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Rong Luo, Shunyao Xu, Yuehua Chen et al. · Frontiers in Medicine · 2026
Systematic reviewOpen access · CC BYRead the open copy →
- P-30. Thymosin-α1 for Sepsis Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1972 Patients
J. Aldair Pantoja González, Alan Alejandro A Aparicio Osorio, Iojana Cruz Coba et al. · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · 2026
ReviewOpen access · CC BYRead the open copy →
Each list shows up to 40 papers.See all 836 on OpenAlex. Source: OpenAlex (CC0), journal articles and reviews with a DOI, retractions excluded, refreshed weekly, last 4 Nov 2026, 08:26 UTC. Papers are listed by their metadata only; follow the links to read them. A license shown on an open copy is the license the publisher or repository states for that copy.